Rubber trees grow in forests, swamps and taiga (rarely in plains). Look for the narrow leaf spike on top and orange resin holes on the pale trunk (up to 3 per tree).
Right-click a wet hole with the
Treetap: 1–3
Sticky Resin. The hole turns dry (dark) and refills on its own after a few minutes.
When you fell the tree, a wet hole sometimes still drops resin; the
leaves decay and drop
saplings (bone meal helps them grow).
Resin in a furnace = 1
Rubber, in an
Extractor = mp;23 rubbermp;r. No tree nearby? A slimeball in a furnace also gives rubber.